Context:

The conflict between Israel and Iran, once covert, has escalated with significant military actions, including Israel's recent attack on Iran's nuclear facilities, raising fears of a broader war. Over recent years, Israel has conducted numerous strikes in the region to disrupt Iran's supply lines and military capabilities, while Iran and its allies have retaliated with their own attacks. Notable incidents include the assassination of Iran's top nuclear scientist by Israel and the killing of key figures from both sides in various operations. Diplomatic efforts, particularly by the Trump administration, aimed at curbing Iran's nuclear ambitions faced challenges as military tensions continued to rise. Despite ongoing diplomatic talks, the potential for further Israeli strikes remains a looming threat to peace efforts in the region.

Dive Deeper:

• Israel's major attack on Iran's nuclear program involved explosions in Tehran, marking a significant escalation in their conflict and raising fears of a wider war involving powerful Middle Eastern militaries.

• The long-standing conflict has seen numerous military engagements, including Israel's attempts to disrupt Iran's military supply lines in Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq, and maritime attacks on Iranian vessels.

• High-profile assassinations, such as the killing of Iran's top nuclear scientist Mohsen Fakhrizadeh and other key figures, have been attributed to Israeli operations, with significant retaliatory actions from Iran and its allies.

• In 2023, Hamas, supported by Iran, initiated attacks on Israel, leading to a deadly conflict in Gaza, and prompting allied regional militias like Hezbollah to engage in hostilities against Israel.

• Diplomatic efforts by the Trump administration faced setbacks as Iran rejected demands to halt uranium enrichment, and the potential for Israeli military action against Iran's nuclear sites remains a critical concern.

• Israel's strategic airstrikes in April and October 2024 targeted Iranian air defenses, including systems purchased from Russia, significantly impacting Iran's military infrastructure and nuclear protection.

• Despite ongoing negotiations regarding Iran's nuclear program, the risk of military escalation persists, with Israeli leadership indicating possible future strikes that could undermine diplomatic resolutions.