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The U.S. could use 'bunker buster' bombs in Iran. Here's what to know about them

NPR's profile
Original Story by NPR
June 18, 2025
The U.S. could use 'bunker buster' bombs in Iran. Here's what to know about them

Context:

The U.S. is contemplating the use of 'bunker buster' bombs, specifically the GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator, in the escalating conflict involving Israel and Iran, due to Iran's fortified nuclear facility at Fordo. These bombs are designed to penetrate deep underground and are delivered by B-2 stealth bombers, which only the U.S. possesses, making Israel reliant on the U.S. for such a strike. Despite their potential to inflict significant damage, experts question whether these bombs can permanently halt Iran's nuclear program, as the scientific knowledge remains intact. The International Atomic Energy Agency warns of potential radioactive hazards if such bombings occur, emphasizing the need for restraint. The situation remains tense as President Trump has not publicly disclosed his decision on direct military action, with implications for both regional stability and nuclear non-proliferation efforts.

Dive Deeper:

  • As tensions between Israel and Iran escalate, the U.S. is considering using the GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator, a powerful 'bunker buster' bomb, to target Iran's deep underground nuclear facilities like Fordo.

  • Only the U.S. possesses the B-2 stealth bombers capable of delivering these 30,000-pound bombs, leaving Israel dependent on U.S. military involvement for such operations.

  • Despite their destructive capabilities, there is skepticism among experts about whether these bombs can achieve the goal of permanently dismantling Iran's nuclear program, as the scientific knowledge can be retained and rebuilt.

  • The International Atomic Energy Agency has expressed concern over the potential release of radioactive material from strikes on nuclear facilities, which could pose environmental and public health risks.

  • President Trump's statements have left the international community uncertain about the U.S.'s next steps, with the potential for significant geopolitical repercussions if military action is taken.

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